Difference between revisions of "Hand tool"
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===Brace=== | ===Brace=== | ||
* Another type of drill | * Another type of drill | ||
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+ | ===~Joist Brace=== | ||
+ | * yet another kind of drill | ||
===Spoke Shave=== | ===Spoke Shave=== |
Revision as of 12:03, 14 June 2008
General
Screwdriver
- Standard
- Long
- Stubby
- 90 degree cranked
- Ratchet
- Flexible
- Robertson
Scissors
See Scissors article for information on
- Household scissors
- Wallpaper scissors
- Bone scissors
- Craft scissors
- Children's scissors
- Nail scissors
Gloves
- Rubber
- Leather
- Cotton
- Latex
Bits Holder
- Holds a set of hex shanked screwdriver bits
- Small pocket sized one is handy
- Not to be confused with swmbo
- Main article
Security bits
Measuring & Marking
Tape measure
Steel
- More accurate than fibreglass
- Steel tape breaks eventually
- Stiff springy tape
- Popular & cheap
Fibreglass
- Floppy tape
- Tape is not perfectl dimensionally stable, so small inaccuracies may occur
- Long lived
Ruler
Steel, aluminium, wood, plastic
Pen & Pencil
Bevel
- For transferring & copying angles
- When using a bevel for repeat angles in construction, it can move, ruining workpieces. Draw round it when the angle has been taken, and check the bevel against this drawing before it is used on each workpiece.
Set Square
- 90 degree tool that overlaps the edge of workpiece
- fastest way to mark an exact line across timber
Ruler
- plastic, aluminium or wood.
- rigid or folding
Yardstick
- Yard long ruler
Tapes
See Tapes for a full list of the numerous types of tape & their uses in DIY & construction. These include:
- Insulating - pvc
- Building - fairly tough, rippable
- Masking
- Cellophane - minimum cost low performance tape
- Duct Tape - reinforced tape for most jobs except ducting
- Foil tape
- Amalgamating tape
- Friction tape
- Wall tape - crack repair tape
- Clear waterproof tape - repairs to glass & plastic cracks.
- Paper tape - tapes over PB joints before painting for a low cost non-filled job.
- Plasterboard tape - an open mesh tape
& many more
Clamps
Mole grips
- See Clamps
C clamp
- See Clamps
F clamp
- See Clamps
Sash Cramp
- See Clamps
Spreaders
- See Clamps
Bar clamp
- See Clamps
Mitre clamp
- See Clamps
Pipe clamp
- See Clamps
Pliers
Long nosed Pliers
Pliers for use in very confined spaces
Circlip Pliers
Pliers for fitting and removing circlips
Round nosed Pliers
Sidecutters
Type of wirecutting pliers
Fencing pliers
- Hammer, wire cutter and tensioner in one
Grozz Pliers
- Glasswork
Waterpump pliers
- Slotted hinge mechanism allows large sizes to be gripped
Parallel Pliers
- Not often found in DIY use, but give much better performance than standard pliers.
Knives
See Knives for more info
Stanley Knife
- Tough general purpose DIY knife
- More popular for self defence in its earlier days
Wallpaper knife
- Lightweight plastic knife with snapoff blade
- 9mm & 18m blades
Pocket Knife
The forerunner of the above knife types, these are no longer popular for DIY use.
Craft knife, X-acto knife
These are small knives sometimes used in DIY, but more popular for craft use. The handles look a bit like a writing pen, and the blades used are scalpel blades and other blades of a similar size.
- Many blade shapes are available.
- X-Acto is another trade mark that has fallen into general usage
Scalpel
- More used for DIY surgery than house maintance.
- Useful for removing splinters
- Can be useful for appliance repairs
Rotary Knife
- score or cut into soft materials such as lino & vinyl tiles
- Not much use for other DIY tasks, very little cutting power.
Levels
Spirit Level
Card Level
- Finds any angle with card & a pin.
- Much more versatile than spirit level
Plumb bob
- weight on string
- accurately indicates the vertical
Painting
Paint brush
- Decorator's brushes are widely available in sizes from 0.5" to 6"
- Brushes several feet wide are occasionally seen in use for exterior painting
- The worst ones are identified by pulling on the bristles to see if some come out.
Artists brushes
- For fine detail
- for tight access
- For touchup jobs
Block Brush
A thicker brush for bulk application of thin paints, eg some lime paints & wood preservatives.
Paint kettle
- Carrying a small amount of paint is less fatiguing
- Reduces magnitude of spills
- Helps keep bits of debris out of the main tin
Scraper
- Paint removal
Sandpaper
- smoothing
- stock removal
- Wet & dry for wet use
- dense particles for hand sanding
- lower particle density for power sanding avoid clog
Sanding Block
- use with sandpaper to apply an even pressure and help achieve a flatter result
- wood or foam
Shave hook
- Paint removal
- Often blunt when bought. Sharpening them makes them work!
Paint Guard
- Hand held plastic strip to keep paint off other items, eg carpet
Sprayer
- faster coverage than brush
- better quality finish
- overspray is a real problem, everything must be masked
- more than one type or category of sprayer
Paint Roller, Tray & Sleeves
- Faster cover than brushes
- Rollers tend to produce some amount of overspray
- shorthair rollers for flat smooth surfaces
- longhair rollers for rough surfaces
- ridged rollers for patterning
Masonry
Brick trowel
Cold Chisel
- For masonry
Line & pegs
- Enables straight line construction
Bucket handle
- Shapes pointing
Blower
- Clears holes drilled in masonry
- Quick, easy and avoids a face/eye full of brick dust.
- a small puffer type camera lens cleaner can be used
Rawl tool
- An obsolete manual masonry hammer drill
- hit the tool, turn it, hit, turn etc to make a round hole
- a cold chisel may be used instead.
- picture
Plastering
Float
- rectangular tool for smoothing
- steel
- general purpose float
- for cement render, gypsum plaster, etc
- wood
- used mainly with lime plaster
- draws fat to the surface less than steel
- plastic
- textured surface
- for
Plasterer's Hawk
- small handheld platform for mixed plaster
Trowel
Featheredge
Small tools
- detailing, ribbon work & decorative work
Corner trowels
- right angle trowels for internal & external corners
Woodwork
Many tools used in woodwork are in other headings. This section is for tools not generally used in other areas of DIY.
Wood Chisel
- Some chisels need sharpening before first use to get decent results.
- dont use them as a lever - or if you do, keep some separate ones for this kind of rough work.
- Pics of various types
Plane
- smoothing, flattening & stock removal of wood & non-brittle plastics
- Planes typically need sharpening and setting up before use
Bradawl
- Marks wood for drilling
- Loosens rope knots
Countersink
- drills a shallow hole for a screw head
- several patterns available
- large drill bit makes a basic substitute
Profile Gauge
- A row of lots of pins held in place by friction
- Use to transfer profiles from one item to another or to paper
Hand drill
- Not often used since cordless drills became popular
- Allow much finer control than mains electric drills
- Relatively slow
- Pattern of top handle is the main difference seen among hand drills, and this affects stability in use
- Very old hand drills may have types of chuck rarely seen today, eg a 2 jaw chuck.
- most have a quarter inch chuck
Moulding Plane
- Produces moulded timber profiles
- Now replaced by routers & spindle moulders
Breast drill
- Type of hand drill
- Top end of drill designed to be pressed against the chest in use
- This stabilises the drill, and allows more force to be applied
Brace
- Another type of drill
~Joist Brace
- yet another kind of drill
Spoke Shave
- A very short plane for use on curved surfaces and in restricted spaces
- Designed for trimming wooden wheel spokes
Rasp
- Coarse file for wood stock removal
Cabinet Scraper
Carving Chisels
Bench Hook
Saws
- Backsaw
- Bow saw
- Bucksaw
- Coping saw
- Crosscut saw
- Japanese saw
- Fretsaw
- Hacksaw
- Hand saw
- Japanese saw
- Keyhole saw
- Mitre saw
- Plywood saw
- Rip saw
- Saw set
- Two-man saw
See Saws
more woodwork hand tools:
Bench hook Bow drill Broadaxe Card scraper Japanese chisel Drawknife F-clamp Framing hammer Froe Gimlet Gouge Gripe (tool) Hatchet Mitre box Pole lathe Sanding block Scratch stock Sharpening jig Sharpening stone Shooting board Slick (tool) Staple gun Upholstery hammer Vise (tool)
Hammers
Claw hammer
- Most popular hammer
- general purpose hammer
- Nail pulling claws on one side
- Various weights, with 12oz - 16oz being most popular
Cross pein hammer
- one flat face, one cold chisel face
- lighter hammer, 4oz & 8oz typical weights
- for driving pins & small nails
- easier to use & more precise than a claw hammer
- limited hitting force available
Ball pein hammer
- One rounded striking face, one flat
Clubhammer
- medium heavy hammer
- 2 flat faces
- 1kg & 4lb are common sizes
Sledge hammer
- Very heavy hammer
- Long handle for maximum swing
- designed for serious violence, eg concrete breaking
Dead blow hammer
- No rebound
- Hollow head contains shot
(non sparking) hammer
- copper faced hammer does not produce sparks
Scutch hammer
- Breaks bricks cleanly
- Replaceable toolface
Mallets
Wood Mallet
- Inserting fence posts
Rubber Mallet
- softest mallet
- light duty hitting where no dent may be left
Plastic Mallet
- similar to rubber mallet but not as soft
Bars
Prybar
Crowbar
Wrecking bar
- Demolition
Material Handling
Shovel
- for moving loose material
Spade
- for digging
- Stainless steel gives less friction
Fork
- Stainless steel gives less friction
Wheelbarrow
- Dyson's original ballbarrows are much less likely to sink into mud, giving much easier ride on wet soil, but they're no longer made.
- plastic, nothing like as robust as metal barrows
- ideal for gardening
Carrying handle?
- Enables one person to carry 8x4 sheets
Sieve
- separate aggregate of differing sizes
- remove clumps from cat litter
- Power sieves are useful for large quantities
Bucket
Scoop
===Trowel (garden)
Cutters
Wirecutters
- Good idea to keep separate cutters for steel wire and copper wire, as iron & steel wires damage cutters.
Tinsnips
- Sheet metal cutting scissors
- designed for thin sheet only
- Uncomfortable & difficult with anything thicker
- cuts straight lines
- mostly useful for fabrication
Aviation Tinsnips
- A much improved design of sheet metal cutter.
- greater cutting force
- greater comfort
- causes more distortion to the workpiece
- mostly useful for dismantling
Wire strippers
- Any of a number of designs of wirestripper
Axe
- wood chopping
Meat Cleaver
- Designed for butchers, these make a good small axe for trimming small trees and general gardening.
- Add some red paint if you want to keep the neighbours away :)
Bolt Croppers
- Heaviest of all hand cutters
- Cut rebar, brass locks, bolts, threaded rod, small bar, chain
- Will not cut hardened steel
Tile Nippers
- Cut tiles.
Pipe cutter - wheel type
- ring turn, eg Monument
- for copper pipe
Pipe cutter - pvc chopper type
- fast cutting of pvc pipe
Spanners
Spanner
- drives nuts & bolts with hex head.
- Ring spanner
- Open ended Spanner
Ratchet Spanner
- drives one way
Half Moon Spanner
- Crescent shaped spanners
- For some difficult access jobs
Self Adjusting Spanners
- saves carrying many spanners
- performance poor compared to fixed size spanners
Automatic
- Jaws close on workpiece
- battery powered
- avoids need for 2nd hand in use
Sockets
- drive nuts & bolts with hex head.
- generally more torque & control than spanners
- can drive recessed items
- come with any of several drive sizes:
- 1/4" - for very light duty work eg appliance case screws
- 3/8" - light duty
- 1/2" - good for a lot of general purpose use, but not big sizes
- 3/4" - good for heavy duty work, eg washing machine bearings and tougher items on cars
- 1" - industrial duty
- see also torque wrench
Extension Bar
- The type manufactured for socket sets gives increased torque.
- Hollow tube fitted over hand tools is famed in industry for assorted safety risks.
Torque wrench
Metalwork
Centre punch
- Dents metal to prevent wander while starting to drill a hole
Automatic Centre punch
- Just press, a hammering mechanism is built in.
File
- various sizes
- rat's tail file
- different teeth size for different materials
- coarse for wood
- fine for steel
More hand tools: C-clamp Combination square Drift pin F-clamp Hand scraper Machinist square Magnetic base Rotary tool Scriber Tongs Tube & pipe benders Vice
Car
Oil filter wrench
- Various types
- chain
- strap
- set of fingers driven by socket bar.
Jack
Hydraulic Jack
Various types
Bottle Jack
One of the more popular types of hydraulic jack
Other hydralic one used in garages
Screw Jack
2 concentric screws, forerunner of the hydraulic bottle jack, not sure of correct name
Scissor Jack
A very popular DIYer's jack.
Side Jack
Minimum cost jack often supplied with vehicle. The quickest way to remove old unwanted jacking points from cars.
Inflatable Jack
- This is a large bag that connects to the exhaust.
- Exhaust gases inflate the bag, lifting the vehicle up.
- Used where ground is too soft for other types of jack, such as desert use. The only useful jack for these situations.
Axle stands
Ramps
Pressure Gauge
Pump
Spatula
Hoist
Engine Stand
Access
Ladders
Single section
- Basic 1 piece ladder
2 section
- Allows ladder to be collapsed to a little more than half its length
- Normal configuration for longer ladders
3 section
- For long ladders
Roofing ladder
- Lightweight ladder enables safer use on rooftops
- Use of heavier ladders is inadvisable for roofing, as they can unbalance the user, with potentially very serious results.
Telescopic Ladder
- Telescopic action enables small ladders to compact to very small storage size
- Ideal for carrying in the boot of a car
- aka surveyor's ladder
Step ladder
Multipurpose ladder
- 3 ladder sections that can be joined in various ways to make:
- straight ladder in 1, 2 or 3 sections
- Step ladder
- work platform
- work platform with different height legs for stair work
Access tower
- Scaffolding tower, usually free standing
- May be on lockable castors
- Stability depends on construction type
Scaffolding
- Should always be set up by an expert
More... yet to be put under the right headings
Framing Square
Roofer's Square
Carpenter's Square
Torx keys
Scales
- Used as a substitute for a torque wrench
- 15lbs at 1 foot gives 15 lbfoot, 15lbs at 2' gives 30lbft.
Secateurs
- Garden trimming
Bulb planter
- Makes bulb planting very quick
- pointed stick with handle
Micrometer
- highly accurate measurement of small distances
Sandpaper
- smoothing & material removal
- different grit densities for different purposes
- high density for hand sanding, low density avoids clogging with power tools
Dentist's mirror
- Small mirror on stick enables seeing into unseeable places
- Strips of mirror out of dead scanners get into smaller holes
Inspection Lamp
aka Drop lamp
- hand held lamp designed to use up your stock of spare mains bulbs
- Rough service bulbs recommended
Stapler
- Fixing cloth
Crimper, non-ratchet
- attaches crimp connectors to cables, but the connection is invariably weak & inadequte
Crimper, ratchet
- attaches crimp connectors to cables properly
Magnet on string
- Retrieve objects dropped in voids
Draw tape
- Threading wires through otherwise inaccessible voids, eg under floor, within walls
Computer
Camera
- Records damage or other issues before a job starts
- A simple way to enable near identical reassembly of complex items, in theory
Mobile
- to call an ambulance!
Kneepads
Toolbelt
- waistbelt with loops & pockets to hold tools
- saves having to keep picking tools up
- very useful up a ladder
Hard hat
- Reduces the cost of Darwin Awards
Goggles
Direct vent goggles
- suitable for nuisance dusts only
- have many tiny holes in sides for ventilation
- Using these with angle grinders causes many eye injuries
Indirect vent goggles
- suitable for potential eye injury situations, such as angle grinders
- Have a plastic insert providing a zigzag path for ventilation airflow, thus preventing flying particles entering.
Ear defenders
- Several types available
- foam rubber in-ear
- headphone style
- active noise cancellers
Bogroll
- One sheet in each ear reduces noise levels
- not a BS approved ear defender system
- spectrum unmapped & reduction unspecified
Rope
S hooks
Toolchest
Toolbox
Toolbag
Carrierbag
- the budget toolbag
Cleaning link?
Dustsheets
- Plastic or cloth sheets for keeping dust & paint off floors, furniture, woodwork, etc
Newspaper
- used as dust sheet
1st aid kit
Fire exting?
Fugenboy
- Shaping & smoothing tool for silicone sealant & similar
- Polypropylene
Pipe bender
- Used with pipe bending spring or sand to bend copper pipe
Storage cases for small parts
Magnifying glass?
Dustmask, filters
- Wide range of qualities available
- Most are not suitable for some types of dust
- Budget masks are for nontoxic nuisance dusts only, and reduce rather than prevent dust ingress
Laser level
Grout spreader
- Straight rubber edge pushes grout between tiles while wiping it off the tile fronts.
Sponge
Metal, wire & stud detector
- Beware of faulty ones that don't go off when pointed at yourself!
Space suit
- For hazardous substances
- Prevents personal contamination
Impact driver
2 different tools go by this name:
- Manual: a hammer driven screwdriver that applies impact force both down and rotationally
- Power tool: these apply rotational impact
Hot glue gun
- Bodger's special
Sawboard
- Used with a circular saw
- Enables greater accuracy
Mitre saw, manual
- Guide frame to enable accurate angles to be cut in wood etc
Tray & towels
- For catching water spilt from CH
Pump
For de-flooding house after CH work.
Freezer
- freezes pipes to enable plumbing. If quick.
- Unfreezes pipes to enable flooding - if not quick.
Box spanner
- Tube with hexagonal end to drives nuts.
- Turned by a bar inserted through holes in the tube
- US usage of the term is different.
Letter punch & Number punches
- Stamps text into unhardened metals
Sawhorse
Fibro cutter
- Cuts asbestos cement sheet.
- Not suitable for modern sheet replacements for asbestos.
Jeweller's screwdrivers
- tiny screwdrivers
- For repairing small appliances
Hex bit Screwdriver
- screwdriver wth standardised interchangeable bits
- more robust & versatile than conventional screwdriver
Blowlamp
- Soldering plumbing
- Applying unmodified flat roofing felt in winter
Torch
- may mean a battery light or gas flame
- For paint stripping, soldering, drying, etc
Grindstone
For sharpening Very large grindstones on broom handles were formerly used for terrazzo. Thank god for power tools.
Pincers
- cuts tiles
Nail puller
- Removes nails
- Various patterns available
Pickaxe
- Breaking up hard & stony soil
Feeler Gauge
- set of slips of very thin steel, each of a different thickness
- measures tiny gaps
Allen Keys
Billhook
- Garden clearance
Khukri
- Garden clearance
Axminster No.1 Odd Jobs
- Multifunction Joinery tool
Tuck Pointer