Difference between revisions of "Lighting Glossary"
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| − | '''Lamp''' | + | '''Lamp''' lightbulb |
| − | '''Fitting''' the appliance the lamp fits into, often informally called a lamp. | + | '''Fitting''' the appliance the lamp fits into, often informally called a lamp, eg tablelamp. |
| − | ''' | + | '''Luminaire''' same as fitting |
| − | ''' | + | '''[[Fluorescent Lighting|CRI]]''' Colour rendering index. How well light renders colours. One measure of light quality. 100 is perfect CRI, 50 is poor. CRI is not the only determinant of colour rendition, CCT matters too. |
| − | '''LED''' Light emitting Diode. A small low power solid state light source. | + | '''[[Fluorescent Lighting|CCT]]''' Colour temperature. A measure of light's perceived warmth or coldness. 3000K appears warm, 4500K appears cold, containing a higher percentage of blue light. |
| + | |||
| + | '''[[LEDs|LED]]''' Light emitting Diode. A small low power solid state light source. | ||
'''Lumen''' Quantity of light output | '''Lumen''' Quantity of light output | ||
| − | '''Ballast''' current control device needed to run fluorescent, CFL and discharge lamps. Built into the fitting, or in the case of most CFLs, ballast and lamp are in one lamp-replacement unit. | + | '''[[Fluorescent Lighting|Ballast]]''' current control device needed to run fluorescent, CFL and discharge lamps. Built into the fitting, or in the case of most CFLs, ballast and lamp are in one lamp-replacement unit. |
'''Cap''' the electrical connection end of a lamp. | '''Cap''' the electrical connection end of a lamp. | ||
| Line 21: | Line 23: | ||
'''Efficacy''' output in lumens per watt. From a non-technical point of view can be considered as efficiency, although this is not strictly accurate. | '''Efficacy''' output in lumens per watt. From a non-technical point of view can be considered as efficiency, although this is not strictly accurate. | ||
| − | '''Bipin''' 2 pin bulb base used on fluorescent tubes and some halogen lamps | + | '''Bipin''' 2 pin bulb base used on [[Fluorescent Lighting|fluorescent tubes]] and some [[Halogen Lighting|halogen lamps]] |
| − | '''Phosphor''' Coating inside fluorescent tubes that transforms UV into visible light | + | '''Phosphor''' Coating inside [[Fluorescent Lighting|fluorescent tubes]] that transforms UV into visible light |
| − | '''GLS''' | + | '''GLS''' General Lighting Service, the traditional filament light bulb. |
| − | '''Rough service lamp''' Shock and vibration resistant lamp | + | '''Rough service lamp''' Shock and vibration resistant filament lamp |
| − | '''CFL''' Compact fluorescent lamp. | + | '''[[CFL]]''' Compact fluorescent lamp. |
'''LV''' low voltage | '''LV''' low voltage | ||
| − | '''Starter''' small device that works with a magnetic ballast to start the lamp. Used with fluorescent and some discharge lamps. | + | '''[[Fluorescent Lighting|Starter]]''' small device that works with a magnetic [[Fluorescent Lighting|ballast]] to start the lamp. Used with [[Fluorescent Lighting|fluorescent]] and some discharge lamps. [[Fluorescent Lighting|Starters]] may be [[Fluorescent Lighting|glowstart]], electronic, or rarely [[Fluorescent Lighting|thermal]] or a manual switch. |
| − | '''BL''' blacklight''' produces | + | '''BL''' blacklight''' produces UVA and blue/violet light |
| − | '''BLB''' blacklight blue | + | '''BLB''' blacklight blue. Produces UVA only. The dark blue glass filters out nearly all the visible light. |
| − | '''Germicidal lamp''' produces short wavelength germicidal UV. Damaging to eyes, kills bacteria & erases eproms. | + | '''Germicidal lamp''' produces short wavelength germicidal UV. Damaging to eyes, kills bacteria & erases eproms. See UVC. |
'''Uplighter''' Fitting sending most light upwards | '''Uplighter''' Fitting sending most light upwards | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Plaster Uplighter''' Plaster half bowl uplighter. Suffers various design defects. | ||
'''Downlighter''' fitting sending most light downwards | '''Downlighter''' fitting sending most light downwards | ||
| Line 47: | Line 51: | ||
'''Spotlight''' reflector lamp producing pool of light | '''Spotlight''' reflector lamp producing pool of light | ||
| − | '''Floodlight''' produces a wide spread of light | + | '''Floodlight''' produces a wide spread of light. Note some floodlights can look quite like spotlights |
| − | |||
'''PAR''' aluminium reflector lamp, spotlight | '''PAR''' aluminium reflector lamp, spotlight | ||
| − | '''Shelf fitting''' The normally fluorescent fitting is mounted on its side on a shelf so the lamp is concealed from view. The fitting however remains visible. | + | '''[[Fluorescent Lighting|Shelf fitting]]''' The (normally [[Fluorescent Lighting|fluorescent]]) fitting is mounted on its side on a shelf so the lamp is concealed from view. The fitting however remains visible. |
| − | '''Trough Fitting''' The lamp is partially enclosed in a trough which conceals it from view. The fitting is also concealed. | + | '''[[Fluorescent Lighting|Trough Fitting]]''' The lamp is partially enclosed in a trough which conceals it from view. The fitting is also concealed. |
| − | '''Choke''' Magnetic ballast used in glowstart fluorescent fittings. | + | '''Choke''' [[Fluorescent Lighting|Magnetic ballast]] used in [[Fluorescent Lighting|glowstart fluorescent fittings]]. |
| − | ''' | + | '''Capacitor''' Component used for power factor correction with [[Fluorescent Lighting|magnetic ballasts]]. |
| − | ''' | + | '''Capacitor Ballast''' Use of capacitor ballasts produces short tube life in most cases, but with at least one exception |
| − | '''Mercury Discharge Lamp''' Icy white lamps used for | + | '''Halogen Lamp''' Type of filament lamp with better efficacy than traditional filament lamps. Contains bromine or iodine. Very high capsule temperature. |
| + | |||
| + | '''[[Discharge Lighting|Sodium lamp]]''' Yellow lamps used for streetlighting | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''[[Discharge Lighting|Mercury Discharge Lamp]]''' Icy white lamps used for [[Discharge Lighting|street lighting]], very energy efficient | ||
'''SES''' small edison screw, a miniature lamp base | '''SES''' small edison screw, a miniature lamp base | ||
| Line 68: | Line 75: | ||
'''E14''' a miniature screw fitting lamp base | '''E14''' a miniature screw fitting lamp base | ||
| + | '''Suntan Lamp''' Lamp producing high levels of UVA. Protective goggles must be used. | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''UVA, UVB, UVC''' The three frequency bands of ultraviolet. UVA is used for suntanning, blacklights and insect killers. Outdoor levels of UVA cause skin wrinkling and some cancers. UVB causes sunburn and cancers. UVC is germicidal and destructive to human tissue, and is not present in sunlight on earth. | ||
| + | The wavelengths are approx: | ||
| + | * UVA: 320-400nm | ||
| + | * UVB: 290-320nm | ||
| + | * UVC: 200-290nm | ||
| + | * Around 2/3 of melanomas and 90% of basal and squamous cell skin cancers are currently attributed to UV exposure. | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''[[Fluorescent Lighting|Daylight]]''' | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''[[Fluorescent Lighting|Warm White]]''' 2700K | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''[[Fluorescent Lighting|Cool White]]''' | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | =See Also= | ||
| + | [[Fluorescent Lighting]] | ||
| + | [[LEDs]] | ||
| + | [[Halogen Lighting]] | ||
| + | [[Rewiring Tips]] | ||
[[Category:Lighting]] | [[Category:Lighting]] | ||
[[Category:Glossary]] | [[Category:Glossary]] | ||
Revision as of 06:13, 2 January 2007
Lamp lightbulb
Fitting the appliance the lamp fits into, often informally called a lamp, eg tablelamp.
Luminaire same as fitting
CRI Colour rendering index. How well light renders colours. One measure of light quality. 100 is perfect CRI, 50 is poor. CRI is not the only determinant of colour rendition, CCT matters too.
CCT Colour temperature. A measure of light's perceived warmth or coldness. 3000K appears warm, 4500K appears cold, containing a higher percentage of blue light.
LED Light emitting Diode. A small low power solid state light source.
Lumen Quantity of light output
Ballast current control device needed to run fluorescent, CFL and discharge lamps. Built into the fitting, or in the case of most CFLs, ballast and lamp are in one lamp-replacement unit.
Cap the electrical connection end of a lamp.
BC Bayonet cap, push and twist connection
ES Edison screw cap
Efficacy output in lumens per watt. From a non-technical point of view can be considered as efficiency, although this is not strictly accurate.
Bipin 2 pin bulb base used on fluorescent tubes and some halogen lamps
Phosphor Coating inside fluorescent tubes that transforms UV into visible light
GLS General Lighting Service, the traditional filament light bulb.
Rough service lamp Shock and vibration resistant filament lamp
CFL Compact fluorescent lamp.
LV low voltage
Starter small device that works with a magnetic ballast to start the lamp. Used with fluorescent and some discharge lamps. Starters may be glowstart, electronic, or rarely thermal or a manual switch.
BL blacklight produces UVA and blue/violet light
BLB blacklight blue. Produces UVA only. The dark blue glass filters out nearly all the visible light.
Germicidal lamp produces short wavelength germicidal UV. Damaging to eyes, kills bacteria & erases eproms. See UVC.
Uplighter Fitting sending most light upwards
Plaster Uplighter Plaster half bowl uplighter. Suffers various design defects.
Downlighter fitting sending most light downwards
Spotlight reflector lamp producing pool of light
Floodlight produces a wide spread of light. Note some floodlights can look quite like spotlights
PAR aluminium reflector lamp, spotlight
Shelf fitting The (normally fluorescent) fitting is mounted on its side on a shelf so the lamp is concealed from view. The fitting however remains visible.
Trough Fitting The lamp is partially enclosed in a trough which conceals it from view. The fitting is also concealed.
Choke Magnetic ballast used in glowstart fluorescent fittings.
Capacitor Component used for power factor correction with magnetic ballasts.
Capacitor Ballast Use of capacitor ballasts produces short tube life in most cases, but with at least one exception
Halogen Lamp Type of filament lamp with better efficacy than traditional filament lamps. Contains bromine or iodine. Very high capsule temperature.
Sodium lamp Yellow lamps used for streetlighting
Mercury Discharge Lamp Icy white lamps used for street lighting, very energy efficient
SES small edison screw, a miniature lamp base
E14 a miniature screw fitting lamp base
Suntan Lamp Lamp producing high levels of UVA. Protective goggles must be used.
UVA, UVB, UVC The three frequency bands of ultraviolet. UVA is used for suntanning, blacklights and insect killers. Outdoor levels of UVA cause skin wrinkling and some cancers. UVB causes sunburn and cancers. UVC is germicidal and destructive to human tissue, and is not present in sunlight on earth. The wavelengths are approx:
- UVA: 320-400nm
- UVB: 290-320nm
- UVC: 200-290nm
- Around 2/3 of melanomas and 90% of basal and squamous cell skin cancers are currently attributed to UV exposure.
Warm White 2700K